OMAN

The Al-Busaid Dynasty

GENEALOGY

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1806 - 1856 H.H. Sayyid Sa'id bin Sultan, Imam of Muscat and Oman, Sultan of Muscat, Oman and Zanzibar. b. at Sumail, 5th June 1797, second son of H.H. Sayyid Sultan bin Imam Ahmad, Sayyid of Muscat and Oman, by his second wife, a daughter of H.E. Sayyid Saliman bin Hamid al-Busaidi, educ. privately. Succeeded on the death of his father as joint ruler, with his brother Salim, 18th November 1804. Reigned under the Regency of his uncle, Sayyid Badr bin Saif until his death, 31st July 1806. Proclaimed as sole-ruler, under the regency of his sister, Sayyida Aisha, 14th September 1806. Signed the Moresby Treaty with the British in 1822, in which he made the sale of slaves to Christian powers illegal throughout his dominions. Removed his residence to Zanzibar in 1832 (permanently in 1840). Established permanent diplomatic relations with the USA in 1836, and the UK in 1840. Recognised as Sultan of Muscat, Oman and Zanzibar, by virtue of the Hamerton Treaty of 2nd October 1845, in which he outlawed the export of slaves from his African empire. Rcvd: a Sword of Honour from King George IV (1820), and the Order of the August Portrait (Nishan-i-Tamtal-i-Humayun) of Persia (1856). m. (first) before 1825, H.H. Sayyida Azza bint Saif (d.s.p. at the Bait al-Mtoni, Zanzibar, after 1857), daughter of Sayyid Saif, probably by his wife, Sayyida Muza bint Ahmad, daughter of Sayyid Ahmad bin Sa'id Al-Said, sometime Governor of Muscat. m. (second) at Bundar Abbas, 19th July 1827 (nikah) (div. for infidelity 1833), H.R.H. Shahzadi Shahzada Khanum, daughter of H.I.H. Shahzada Muhammad Husain 'Ali Mirza, Tau'aman ul-Mulk, Farman Farma, Governor-General of Fars and Governor of the Persian Gulf Ports, by his first wife, Nawab Hajjiya, daughter of Muhammad Quli Khan-e Afshar Arumi. m. (third) July 1837 (div.) H.R.H. Shahzadi Shahruzad Khanum (d.s.p. in Persia, 1849), daughter of H.I.H. Shahzada Iraj Mirza, Mahabat ul-Mulk, of Persia. He also maintained over seventy-five sarari, including (a) Najm us-Sabah (d. in childbirth, at Muscat, Oman, 1817), an Assyrian lady. m. (b) Khurshid, an Indian lady from Malabar. m. (c) Madina (d.s.p.), a Circassian. m. (d) Sarah (d. at the Bait al-Sahel, Stone Town, Unguja, ca. 1849), a Circassian. m. (e) a sister of Sarah, a Circassian. m. (f) Jilfidan (d. from cholera, at the Bait al-Tani, Zanzibar, 1859), daughter of a Circassian farmer and captured in a raid by Albanians. m. (g) Fatala, an Ethiopian. m. (h) Taj, a Georgian. m. (i) Nur us-Sabah. He d. on board the Kitorie, off the Seychelles, 19th October 1856 (bur. Zanzibar), having had issue, twenty-six sons and twenty-one daughters (of whom thirty-six children survived his death):
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1856 - 1866 H.H. Sayyid Thuwaini bin Sa'id, Sultan of Muscat and Oman and dependencies. b. at Muscat, 1821, third surviving son of H.H. al-Haj Sayyid Sa'id bin Sultan, Sultan of Muscat and Oman and dependencies, by Khurshid, an Indian suri from Malabar, educ. privately. Governor of Muscat and C-in-C of the Army 1837-1856. Appointed Heir Apparent to Muscat and Oman, 23rd July 1844. Succeeded on the death of his father, 19th October 1856. Confirmed as successor to Muscat and Oman by the terms of the Canning Award, 2nd April 1861. A distinguished and successful soldier, idealised by those whom he lead into battle. m. at Muscat, 1835, Sayyida Ghaliya bint Salim, daughter of his paternal uncle, H.H. Sayyid Salim bin Sultan Al-Sa'id, sometime joint ruler of Muscat and Oman. He was k. in his sleep by his eldest son following a dispute over the imposition of new taxes, at Sohar Fort, 11th February 1866 (bur. there), having had issue, seven sons and six daughters, including:
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1866 - 1868 H.H. Sayyid Salim bin Thuwaini, Sultan of Muscat and Oman and dependencies. b. at Muscat, 1839, eldest son of H.H. Sayyid Thuwaini bin Sa'id, Sultan of Muscat and Oman and dependencies, by his wife, Sayyida Ghaliya bint Salim Al-Said, educ. privately. Proclaimed on the death of his father, 11th February 1866. Deposed and exiled to India by his cousin and brother-in-law, Sayyid Azzan, October 1868. Made a bid for the throne in 1875 but was captured and expelled to India where he was kept a prisoner at Hyderabad. m. a daughter of Sayyid Qais bin 'Azzan Al-Said, sometime Governor of Sohar and of Rustaq, a great-great-granddaughter of Imam Ahmad bin Sa'id. He d. at the Fort, Hyderabad, Scind, 7th December 1876, having had issue, one son and four daughters:
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1868 - 1871 H.H. Sayyid 'Azzan bin Qais, Sultan of Muscat and Oman and dependencies, son of Sayyid Qais bin 'Azzan, sometime Governor of Sohar and of Rustaq, educ. privately. Governor of Rustaq in succession to his father 1861. Rebelled against Thuwaini with the help and encouragement of the Wahhabis in 1864. Expelled his cousin and brother-in-law, and seized the throne, October 1868. m. a daughter of the preacher Khalili. He was k. in battle with Sayyid Turki, outside Muttrah, 30th January 1871, having had issue, three sons:
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OMAN 1 OMAN 2 OMAN 3
OMAN 5 OMAN 6 ZANZIBAR
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